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BackWud'uHow to perform Wud’u (Ablution):Allah, the Al-Mighty, said: “O you who believe! When you intend to offer prayer, wash your faces and y our hands (forearms), and (wash) your feet up to ankles….” (Surah Al-Ma’idah (5): 6). 1- Before starting it one should intend to enter the state of ritual purity by the actions of the ablution and say Bismillah. 2- Wash your hands up to the wrist, rinse water in your mouth and draw water from your cupped hand into your nose up to the start of the nose bone-three times for each of these actions. 3- Wash your face three times. 4- Starting with the right hand, wash your forearms up to and including the elbows three times. 5- Wipe your wet hands over hair or scalp (all of it) and wipe the inside and back of the ears with the forefingers and thumb. 6- Wash the feet up to and including the ankles three times each, starting with the right foot. 7- After completing the aforementioned, say: “I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah Alone and without partners, and I bear witness that Muhammad us His slave and His Messenger.” Factors which nullify WUD’U There are some factors which nullify the ablution and destroy the object of purification like Salat etc. These are the following: 1- All things coming out of the private parts, front or back, including urine, excrement, and gas; whether it escapes silently or audibly. The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: “Allah will not accept Salat (prayer) from anyone if he passes out anything from his private parts until he performs Wudu (ablution).” (Muslim) 2- The seeping out of Madhi or Wadi; Madhi is prostatic fluid which seeps out during sexual arousal, before ejaculation; and Wad is a fluid which seeps out after urination without any accompanying sexual arousal. The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: When asked what one should do if Madi is excreted, said: “He should wash his penis and perform Wudu” (Agreed upon). 3- Deep sleep, the kind where no trace of wakeful consciousness remains; such that of one started out sitting up, he would and up slumping over onto the ground. 4- A loss of rational consciousness; whether by way of insanity or fainting or drunkenness or sedation. 5- To touch one’s private parts without an intervening barrier (of cloth etc.). The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: “Whoever touches his penis, he should not pray until he performs Wudu (ablution).” (Tirmidhi classed it as authentic, Bukhari said it is the most authentic Hadith related to the issue). Things which do not nullify Wud\u 1- Touching a woman with skin to skin contact. Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: “I used to sleep in front of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and my feet would be between him and the Qiblah (the direction of Ka’bah), so when he performed Sajdah (prostration), he wold touch my feet.” (Agrred upon) 2- The flow of blood from anywhere other than the vagina, whether because of a wound or cupping or nosebleed. Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “The Muslims used to keep on praying while wounded.” (Bukhari) 3- Vomiting, whether enough to fill the mouth or less. 4- Being doubtful regarding excretion (of stool, urine, gas etc., from private parts) after performing Wudu. This uncertainty does not require consideration whether one is in Salat or outside it, since certain knowledge cannot be superseded by uncertainty. In contrast, if he is sure of excretion, and he doubts whether he performed Wudu or nor after it, his Wudu would not be treated as established. 5- Laughing aloud while is Salat does not invalidate Wudu. There is a weak Hadith which states that it does invalidate Wudu, but a weak Hadith can not be used to establish a point of law. 6- To give a bath to a dead person does not require one to perform Wudu afterwards. There is some evidence which caused some scholars to rule that it does, but when all the evidence on the issue is considered, the result is that Wudu is recommended but not required. The Ruling on Performing Tayammum when Water is available All praise and thanks be to Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah, and upon his family and Companions and those who followed them. As for what follows: It has been mentioned to me by some reliable people some Bedouins perform Tayammum even when they have plenty of water; this is a grave evil, which must be warned against, because the ablution for prayer is a condition for the acceptance of it, so long as water is present, as Allah, the Most High says: “O you who believe! When you intend to offer As-Salat (the prayer), wash faces and your hands (forearms) up to the elbows, rub (by passing wet hands over) your heads and (wash) your feet up to the ankles. If you are in a state of Al-Janabah (i.e. after sexual discharge), purify yourselves(bathe your whole body). But if you are ill or on a journey, or any of you comes after answering the call of nature, or you have been in contact with women (sexual intercourse), and you find no water, then perform Tayammum with clean earth and rub therewith your face and hands.” (Al-Ma’idah (5): 6) And in the Two Sahihs its reported from the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, that he said: “The prayer of none of you will be accepted if he breaks wind, until he makes Wudhu’.” (Bukhari and Mulsim) Allah, the Most Glorified, Most High has permitted Tayammum and made it to serve in place of Wudhu’ whenever water is not available, or the worshipper is unable to use it, due to illness or the like, base upon the above Verse and the Words of Allah, the Most High: “O you who believe! Approach not As-Salat (the prayer) when you are in a drunk state until you know (the meaning of) what you utter, nor when you are in a state of Al-Jababah (i.e. in a state of sexual impurity and have not taken a bath) except when traveling on the road (without enough water, or just passing through a mosque), till you wash your whole body. And if you are ill, or on a journey, or one of you comes after answering the call of nature, or you have been in contact with women (by sexual relations) and you find no water, perform Tayammum with clean earth and rub therewith your faces and hands. Truly, Allah is Oft-Pardoning, Most Forgiving.” (An-Nisa’ (4): 43) And it is reported on the authority of ‘Imran bin Husain, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: “We were with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, on a journey, and he led the people in prayer, but one man remained aside, so he, peace be upon him, asked him: “What prevented you from praying?”. He replied: “I was in state of Janabah and there is no water.” The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: You must use the dust (to perform Tayammum), for that is sufficient for you.” (Al-Bukhari). From this, it is clear that Tayammum for prayer may not be performed when there is water available and the worshipper is able to able to use it. In fact, it is incumbent upon the Muslim to use water for his Wadhu’ Wiping over leather or cloth socks 1. Evidence for permissibility of wiping over leather socks while performing Wudu (ablution), rather than removing them: The Sunnah is well established, that there is no need to remove one’s leather socks, whether in travel or at home. Among the strongest hadith on the issue is wheat Bukhari reported from Jarir bin Abdullah, may Allah be please with him; he said: “I saw the Messenger of Allah urinated, then performed Wudu and wiped over his leather socks.” 2. Evidence for permissibility of wiping over cloth and nylon socks: It was a practice of many Sahabah (Companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him), abu Dawud said: Ali bin Abi Talib, Abdullah bin Mas’ud, Bara’ bin ‘Azib, and Anas bin Malik used to wipe over cloth socks, and it is reported also regarding ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab and Ibn Abbas.” Ibn Al-Qaiyim mentioned in his book Tahdheeb As-Sunan from Ibn Al-Mundir that Imam Ahmad clearly stated his view that wiping on cloth socks is permissible, which indicates his fairness. He relied in that on the practice of the Sahabah and on the clear analogy (between cloth socks and leather socks). Other scholars who considered it permissible were sufyan Thauri, Abdullah bin Mubarak, Ata bin Rabah Hasan Basri, Sa’eed bin Musaiyab; and according to Abu Yusuf and Muhammad bin Hasan, it is permissible if the socks are thick enough that the skin under them cannot be seen. Abu Hanifah used to consider wiping on thick cloth socks not permissible but he changed his mind 3 or 4 days or a week before his death. He would wipe over his thick socks in his death-illness and he would tell his visitors, “I’m doing what I used to prohibit.” Mughirah bin Shu’bah reported: “Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, performed Wudu (ablution) and wiped over his cloth socks and sandals.” (Ahamad and Tirmidhi, who graded it Hasan Sahih). Conditions for wiping over leather and cloth socks 1. In order to be able to complete Wudu by wiping over socks, one must put on both of them while in as state of Wudu. 2. Where to wipe: Over the top on each sock, based on the following Hadith from Ali, may Allah be pleased with him; he said: “If the religion was according to opinion, it would be more fitting to wipe the bottom of the sock, rather than the top. Surely, I saw Allah’s Messenger, peace be upon him, wiping over the tops of his socks.” (Abu Dawud and Ad-Daraqutni) 3. How long can you keep wiping over the socks without taking them off to wash the feet? The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: “One day and one night, i.e. 24 resident, from the last Wudu, and three days and three nights for a traveler.” (Muslim). 4. How to wipe: After performing a proper Wudu put on the leather or cloth socks, then anytime one wants to perform Wudu, instead of washing the feet, wipe over the socks. But if you need to perform Gusul (bath) you must remove the socks. 5. The following things nullify the permission to wipe over the socks:
If the permitted time limit ends or one takes off the socks while in a state of Wudu, it is sufficient to immediately wash the feet in order to stay in Wudu. Ref: Muhammad bin Jamil Zeno, The Pilar of Isalm & Iman. Dar-us-Salam. Riyadh, KSA) |
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